More than 150 millions of containers (20‑foot equivalent units) are transported on the world’s oceans each year (UNCTAD 2019). Due to overall market imbalances, empty container transports, e.g. from Europe (Import region) to Asia (Export region), occur on the transport on sea as well as land. Empty container runs provide an urgent issue in Maritime Logistics as they create high costs at no revenue. In the port hinterland, for example, containers have to be transported to customers and often go back empty to the next destination (port, other destination) where an empty container is required. As 60% to 80% of the costs in container transportation occur in the port hinterland (Tran et al. 2017; Notteboom et al. 2005), focusing on this part of the transport chain is critical.