INTERFORST 2018

••• 10••• Innovationen BayWa AG www.baywa.de/forsttechnik Freigelände FM Stand: 709A/1 EPSILON KRAN GmbH www.palfingerepsilon.com Freigelände FM• Stand: 710/11 KingKong-Tools GmbH & Co. KG www.kingkong-tools.de Freigelände FM• Stand: 710/7 LHG- GleitlagerKomponenten GmbH & Co. KG www.hallauer-group.de Halle: B6 • Stand: 236 LKW Pavic www.lkwpavic.de Freigelände FM• Stand: 811/2 Usewood Forest Tec Oy www.usewood.fi Freigelände FS Stand: 1010/21 Messetelegramm Anzeige Maschinen zur Jungwaldpflegung für Waldbesitzer und Auftragnehmer Freigelände SF1010/21 Detecting illegal logging and hunting “AudioMoth“: low-power open-source acoustic monitoring devices record sounds of chainsaws N ewly developed acoustic loggers are able to record sounds of shotguns and chain- saws, shedding light on the fre- quency and patterns of illegal exploitation. The results will help monitor biodiversity and reduce human-wildlife conflicts in tropi- cal forests. Ecologists from the University of Southampton (UK) and Univer- sidad Autónoma Metropolitana (Mexico) have been studying the presence and distribution of the elusive jaguar and puma in three contiguous regions of protected and unprotected forest in Mexi- co’s Yucatán Peninsula. Camera traps and analysis of faeces re- vealed that jaguars and pumas prefer to prey on peccaries, deer and coati – species that are regu- larly hunted by local communities for their wild meat. “Rural communities living near these nature reserves manage the natural resources in their communal lands, known as eji- dos. Subsistence hunting of game meat and logging by residents is permitted in the ejidos, but there are no effective measures in place to regulate the hunting pressure,” says Evelyn Piña Covarrubias from the University of Southampton. “Habitat fragmentation due to increased livestock production and reduced availability of their primary prey is a major threat to these big cats. Also, they are fre- quently killed in retaliation for lost livestock or by poachers as there is still demand for the jag- uars’ uniquely spotted coats,” she adds. Today, an estimated 6,000 jaguars inhabit less than 40 per cent of the area they used to in Mexico, whilst little information is avail- able on puma populations due to difficulties in identifying individu- als. Unlike jaguars, pumas do not have unique spot patterns. Al- though two of the sites studied are privately managed reserves, conservation efforts are often delayed by lack of data and insuf- ficient budgets or personnel to detect and report illegal activities. To this end, the researchers test- ed prototypes of “AudioMoth”, a low-power open-source acous- tic monitoring device. The size of a matchbox, the loggers can be configured to record sounds of human exploitation (shotguns and chainsaws) as well as target species in order to monitor biodi- versity. The final product is being designed to transmit a real-time alert to park rangers with infor- mation about the type of sound and its location. “Protected ar- eas across the Yucatán Peninsula are far too under-resourced to afford effective and safe patrols of the vast tracts of natural for- ests. Most acoustic loggers on the market are too expensive for network deployments or have a short battery life,” says Evelyn Piña Covarrubias. “With Audio- Moth, local rangers and managers will have access to a monitoring system covering potentially large areas and can act immediately on alerts.” The device has been de- veloped by Andrew Hill and Peter Prince, two PhD students in com- puter science at the University of Southampton, in collaboration with Professor Alex Rogers from the University of Oxford. A network of small acoustic monitoring devices alerts rangers in case they register sounds of shot- guns or chainsaws. Photo: University of Southampton / Evelyn Piña Covarrubias Unrechtm ig geschlagen? Forstgenetiker entwickeln neuartiges Holz-Analyseverfahren Jährlich gehen circa 7,6 Millionen Hektar Wald verloren, mit ihnen ihre Biodiversität und wertvolle Funktion als Speicher von Koh- lendioxid. Sie fallen Brandrodung und illega- lem Holzeinschlag zum Opfer und werden in Agrarland umgewandelt. Experten vermu- ten, dass das meiste unrechtmäßig geschla- gene Holz als verarbeitete Produkte wie Mö- bel oder Spanplatten in den Handel gelangt. Während die Art und Herkunft von unverar- beitetem Holz gut ermittelt werden kann, bestehen häufig Schwierigkeiten bei der Art- und Herkunftskontrolle von Holz in diesen Produkten. Daher will das Thünen- Institut für Forstgenetik gemeinsam mit dem Holzhandel ein neues Analyseverfah- ren entwickeln, bei dem die einzelnen Holz- arten in fertigen Produkten nachgewiesen werden. Die Deutsche Bundesstiftung Um- welt (DBU) fördert das Vorhaben mit rund 400 000 Euro. „Wir hoffen, damit den ille- galen Holzeinschlag international weiter zurückzudrängen und so Wälder in ihrer wichtigen Funktion für das Ökosystem Er- de zu erhalten“, sagte der stellvertretende Generalsekretär der DBU, Prof. Dr. Werner Wahmhoff. „Nur wenn Händler und Konsu- menten nachvollziehen können, welches Holz verarbeitet wurde, können sie sich für die nachhaltigste Variante entscheiden.“ Um später die DNA des verwendeten Holzes herauslösen zu können, wer- den die präparierten Holzspäne in ein Reaktionsgefäß gegeben. Foto: Thünen-Institut für Forstgenetik Anzeige